Choroid plexus papilloma in a mature cystic teratoma of ovary: A rare case report

Mature cystic teratoma of the ovary is the most common type of germ cell tumor. It constitutes approximately 20% of all ovarian neoplasms. As a rare occurrence, however, several types of benign and malignant tumours developing secondarily in dermoid cysts have been reported. Those of central nervous origin are almost exclusively gliomas of astrocytic, ependymal or oligodendroglial lineage. Choroid plexus tumors are unusual intracranial tumors which comprised of only 0.4?0.6% of all brain tumors. These are neuroectodermal in origin and similar in structure to a normal choroid plexus in the form of multiple papillary fronds mounted on a well vascularized connective tissue stroma. The present case report highlights the presence of a choroid plexus tumor in a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary in a 27?year?old woman who came for safe confinement and cesarean section.

FACTORS AFFECTING SURGICAL SITE INFECTION IN OPEN GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY

Surgical site infection is more prevalent in open gastrointestinal surgery which will affect hospital stay and morbidity and mortality of patients.In our study,we are comparing the factors which will directly or indirectly causes SSI.By knowing the factors which causing SSI,We can decreases the incidence of surgical site infection.

Intraperitoneal dissemination of primary dedifferentiated liposarcoma of omentum simulating an ovarian cancer – A case report

Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma (DDLPS) is a rare subtype of liposarcoma with a high preponderance of local recurrence and distant metastasis. The frequent site of DDLPS is the retroperitoneum, followed by the limbs and trunk. The primary omental DDLPS is very rare and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Here we report a rare case of primary giant DDLPS of omentum with intraperitoneal metastasis in a 61year old woman. The present case report adds to our knowledge, that a case of intraperitoneal DDLPS can mimic ovarian cancer clinically and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a pelvic mass in postmenopausal women.

Audiological Abnormalities in Vitiligo Patients: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract Introduction There are some discrepancies in the literature about the influence of vitiligo on auditory functions. According to some authors, vitiligo influences hearing, whereas others question such influence. Therefore, we conducted a study to evaluate audiological functions in vitiligo patients. Objectives To determine the effect of vitiligo on auditory functions. Methods A hospital-based observational study was done from January 2017 to July 2017. Clinically diagnosed cases of vitiligo were enrolled for the study. A complete otological examination was conducted in all patients. Results Fifty-two patients (male: female 28:24) were included in the study. Ten patients (19.2%) had sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Seven patients (13.5%) had bilateral and 3 (5.7%) had unilateral SNHL. High frequency loss was seen in 17 out of 20 ears (10 affected patients), 6 ears had both low and high-frequency hearing loss. Of 12 ears with speech frequency involvement, mild hearing loss was seen in 5 and moderate to severe in 1 ear.Most cases of SNHL were detected in the age group 41 to 60 years old (63.6%), which was statistically significant (p-value 0.00). Conclusion The results of this study suggest that vitiligo patients require routine monitoring for auditory functions for early identification of SNHL. Older subjects with vitiligo might be at a higher risk for audiological abnormalities. These patients should also be informed regarding the associated risk with noise and ototoxic drug exposure.

Effect of alcohols on filamentation, growth, viability and biofilm development in Candida albicans

In this study we report the potential of alcohols as morphogenetic regulators in Candida albicans. All the alcohols tested influenced various modes of growth like planktonic as well as biofilm forms. Viability was affected at high concentrations. Among the alcohols, the response of C. albicans to amyl alcohol (pentanol) was noteworthy. Amyl alcohol at a concentration 0.5% which was not inhibitory to growth and viability specifically inhibited morphogenetic switching from yeast to hyphal forms. It also inhibited normal biofilm development favoring yeast dominated biofilms. Based on this study we hypothesize that alcohols produced under anaerobic conditions may not favor biofilm development and support dissemination of yeast cells. Since anaerobic conditions are not found to favor production of quorum sensing molecules like farnesol, the alcohols may play a role in morphogenetic regulation.

First case series of emerging Rickettsial neonatal sepsis identified by polymerase chain reaction-based deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing.

Purpose: To detect and identify the aetiological agent in the peripheral blood from the cases of neonatal sepsis. Materials and Methods: Four neonates from geographically different regions of South India presented with signs of neonatal sepsis and all the routine clinical and laboratory investigations were performed. Blood culture by Bac T Alert 3D was negative. To establish the aetiology, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for eubacterial genome and subsequent amplifi cation with Gram positive and Gram negative primers were performed followed by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing. Results: PCR for the detection of eubacterial genome was positive in all the four neonates and further amplifi cation with designed Gram positive and Gram negative primers revealed the presence of Gram negative bacteria. The amplicons were identifi ed as Orientia tsutsugamushi in three neonates and Coxiella burnetti in the other neonate. Multalin analysis was done to further characterise the strain variation among the three strains. Conclusion: PCR-based DNA sequencing is a rapid and reliable diagnostic tool to identify the aetiological agents of neonatal sepsis. This is the fi rst case series of emerging Rickettsial neonatal sepsis in India.

Cancer drugs inhibit morphogenesis in the human fungal pathogen, Candida albicans

Candida infections are very common in cancer patients and it is a common practice to prescribe antifungal antibiotics along with anticancer drugs. Yeast to hyphal form switching is considered to be important in invasive candidiasis. Targeting morphogenetic switching may be useful against invasive candidiasis. In this study, we report the antimorphogenetic properties of thirty cancer drugs.

Basti: Does the equipment and method of administration matter.

Basti is one of the fi ve procedures of panchakarma in Ayurveda. Classically, it is advocated in the diseases of vata. It is mainly of two types viz. asthapana and anuvasana. According to the classical texts basti administration is done with the help of animal bladder (bastiputaka) and specially prepared metal/wooden nozzle/catheter (bastinetra), the whole assembly is called as bastiyantra. Nowadays, except in some of the Vaidya traditions in Kerala, basti administration is often done using enema-can or douche-set. In the aforesaid classical procedure active pressure is expected to be given on the bastiputaka whereas, in conventionally used enema-can only passive or gravitational force plays a role. This is important in the context of ‘basti danakala or pidanakala i.e. time for basti administration’.

Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease: An autopsy case report in tertiary care hospital.

Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is the most common prion disease. It is a rare, fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by an infectious protein called prion. The diagnosis can be confirmed only by histological examination of brain tissue. Because of the transmissible nature of the disease, autopsy or brain biopsy cannot be performed at many institutions. Histology shows spongiform changes, neuronal loss, reactive astrocytic proliferation, accumulation of pathologic protein occurring in three general forms: Sporadic, familial, and acquired form, including a variant form of CJD. It clinically presents as predominantly progressive dementia with a rapid onset, myoclonus, cerebellar, pyramidal, extra pyramidal and visual signs. Occurrence of periodical spikes in electro-encephalogram, observation of cortical signal alterations in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, and detection of protein 14-3-3 in cerebrospinal fluid substantiate diagnosis. Autopsy case is presented of a 50 year old woman with progressive dementia, typical neurological symptoms, MRI findings and confirmation of CJD on histology and immunostaining.

A Long Standing Foreign Body in Bronchus in An Adult:A Diagnostic Dilemma.

Foreign body in bronchus is a surgical emergency requiring prompt action. In adults, it usually is associated with specific history or risk factors. We here present a case of 57 years old otherwise healthy male who presented with productive cough of 6 months duration before foreign body (vegetative) was visualized by fibreoptic bronchoscopy. Modalities of diagnosis, management and outcome are discussed.

A Long Standing Foreign Body in Bronchus in An Adult:A Diagnostic Dilemma.

Foreign body in bronchus is a surgical emergency requiring prompt action. In adults, it usually is associated with specific history or risk factors. We here present a case of 57 years old otherwise healthy male who presented with productive cough of 6 months duration before foreign body (vegetative) was visualized by fibreoptic bronchoscopy. Modalities of diagnosis, management and outcome are discussed.

Leiomyosarcoma of the renal pelvis.

Leiomyosarcomas are rare malignant tumors of the kidney. They may arise from the renal capsule, renal vein, renal pelvic musculature or renal parenchyma. Renal pelvis is an uncommon site of occurrence, with around 10 cases reported in the literature so far. Here we present a 60-year-old male who presented with increased urinary frequency, lower limb weakness, anorexia and weight loss. Imaging showed a right renal mass. A renal cell carcinoma was suspected clinically. A right nephrectomy was performed, which showed a large circumscribed mass in the hilar region. Histology revealed a tumor mass arising from the renal pelvis. The tumor was composed of spindle cells arranged in fascicles. Immunohistochemistry showed tumor cells to be positive for smooth muscle actin (SMA) and desmin (Des) and negative for cytokeratin (CK), HMB 45, CD117 (C-kit), and CD34. That confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma.

Osseous metaplasia and mature bone formation with extramedullary hematopoiesis in follicular adenoma of thyroid gland.

Follicular adenomas of the thyroid may be subjected to degenerative changes like hemorrhagic and cystic changes, fibrosis, and calcification. Mature bone formation is a rare phenomenon, but extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) has also been rarely reported in thyroid gland. The combination of mature bone formation and EMH is rarer and has been reported, in a single case report, in a multinodular goitre. We describe a case of follicular adenoma with histologically proven osseous metaplasia and mature bone formation with EMH in a middle- aged woman, which, to our knowledge, is the first case in English language literature.

Breast hamartoma associated with pregnancy--a case report.

Hamartoma of the breast is an uncommon tumor like condition constituting only 3.9 to 4.8 % of benign breast tumors. We wish to report clinical, cytological, cytological histological findings of breast hamartoma with pregnancy